Intimate Partner Violence is defined as a form of abuse that can result from domestic violence, family violence, or a simple relationship that can turn awry. In truth, there is no absolute uniform definition of what is intimate partner violence as it entails many layers and avenues. Intimate Partner Violence can deal with physical, sexual, or psychological harm to its victim as a means of control or dominance over the other. While it is true that it is meant as a hold or cage to be put on your partner or spouse, IPV does consist of sexual violence which could include, rape, or sodomy. It also can deal with physical violence which can include hitting, slapping, punching, biting and even choking. Sexual assault, coercion and rape are underlying factors that lead to intimate partner violence as well.
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Male-to-female IPV is more common than female-to-male IPV. There are two major reasons why we need more research on risk factors of sexual IPV (i.e., forced sex in intimate relationships) against minority women. First, most of the research on IPV has focused on psychological (IPV in the forms of stalking, psychological aggression, and verbal abuse that are not physical or sexual) and physical forms of violence”. (Preiser & Assari, 2018) The data is very limiting on Black women regarding IPV due to many of the cases going unreported.
The impact of sexual of sexual violence includes depression, substance abuse, anxiety, psychological distress, and suicide. Women who tend to experience sexual violence tend to be at risk for mental health problems and end up having relationship problems in their foreseeable future: “A study examining a community sample reported that 95% of women with a history of physical violence, compared to only 41% of women without such history, have been subjected to sexual IPV. Based on the same study, 97% of women with and 42% of women without a history of psychological violence had experienced sexual IPV. Although male partners’ poor mental health increases the risk of IPV against female partners, most studies have interpreted psychopathology as a consequence rather than a risk factor for IPV.” (Preiser & Assari, 2018). Addiction to drugs and alcohol can also play an integral part in how one would turn and abuse his partner. That risk of violence ends up being 10 times as higher than an individual who has no alcohol disorder. |